In present days almost 84% of world’s energy is produced by burning fossil fuels and rest from others. Also almost 64.5% of electricity is generated by using fossils. As a result of burning them, a large amount of smoke is released into the atmosphere, which includes carbon dioxide and many other harmful substances, polluting the air and causing a rise in temperature. Deforestation is occurring in many places for construction purposes, but afforestation is not occurring in such a manner deforestation is occurring. It is also responsible for the enormous change in climate. So as much as we should plant, also we have to depend more on the renewable energies (Green energy) to give a balanced climate to our environment. Climate change is one of the world’s most pressing environmental issues. India is confronted with a number of issues. Climate change has a number of negative consequences for agriculture, water resources, forests and biodiversity, health, coastal management, and temperature rise. The major consequence of climate change on India is a decrease in agricultural productivity. Agriculture supports the bulk of the people, either directly or indirectly. Climate change would add to the stress placed on natural and socioeconomic systems, which are already under immense strain as a result of increasing industrialization, urbanisation, and economic expansion. The impacts of climate change, as well as its different components, are discussed in this work.

Highlights

• The accumulation of trace gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) in the atmosphere, mostly owing to anthropogenic activities such as fossil fuel combustion, is thought to be affecting the earth’s climate system.
• India has reason to be concerned about climate change because a large portion of its population relies on climate-sensitive industries such as agriculture, forestry, and fishing for a living.
• The negative effects of climate change, such as decreased rainfall and rising temperatures, have exacerbated the severity of livelihood challenges in the nation.
• Although not all of the potential repercussions of climate change are completely recognised, the primary ‘categories’ of impacts include those on agriculture, sea level rise, and increasing frequency of severe events, all of which represent serious challenges to India.